When intimacy and sex are reduced in a marriage, it can have various effects on the relationship, depending on the underlying causes and how the couple addresses the changes. Here are some potential impacts:

1. Emotional Distance
Decreased Connection: Reduced intimacy can lead to feelings of emotional distance, making partners feel less connected and more like roommates than lovers.
Loneliness: Both partners might experience loneliness or a sense of isolation, even within the relationship.

2. Increased Miscommunication
Misunderstandings: A decline in physical closeness can result in misunderstandings or assumptions about each other's needs and desires.
Resentment: If one partner feels rejected or neglected, resentment may build up, leading to further communication breakdowns.

3. Impact on Self-Esteem
Self-Worth: Reduced sexual activity might lead one or both partners to question their attractiveness or desirability, affecting self-esteem.
Doubts and Insecurities: Concerns about whether the other partner is still interested or if something is wrong with the relationship can arise.

4. Potential for Infidelity
Seeking Fulfillment Elsewhere: In some cases, the lack of sexual satisfaction might lead one partner to seek intimacy outside the marriage, though this is not a given and depends on the individuals involved.
Temptations: If the needs for intimacy and connection are unmet, temptations to connect with others might increase.

5. Impact on Mental Health
Stress and Anxiety: The decrease in physical and emotional closeness can lead to increased stress or anxiety about the future of the relationship.
Depression: A prolonged lack of intimacy might contribute to feelings of sadness or depression, especially if it is seen as a sign of deeper problems.

6. Decreased Satisfaction in the Relationship
Overall Happiness: The overall satisfaction within the marriage might decline, as physical intimacy often plays a role in bonding and maintaining a healthy relationship.
Relationship Growth: Intimacy fosters closeness and growth within a relationship, so its absence can hinder the development of the relationship.

7. Impact on Physical Health
Sexual Health: A lack of sexual activity can lead to changes in sexual health, including reduced libido or sexual dysfunction.
Overall Well-being: Physical intimacy can contribute to overall well-being, reducing stress and improving mood through the release of endorphins.

8. Potential for Increased Focus on Other Aspects
Alternative Forms of Intimacy: Some couples may compensate for reduced sexual activity by focusing on other forms of intimacy, such as emotional closeness, shared activities, or deepening their friendship.
Strengthening Other Bonds: The relationship may shift to focus on other areas, such as parenting, careers, or shared interests, which can help maintain the bond.

9. Necessity for Communication and Counseling
Addressing the Issue: Open and honest communication about the reasons behind the reduction in intimacy is crucial. Couples therapy or counseling might be beneficial to work through underlying issues.
Rebuilding Connection: By addressing the causes and working together, couples can rebuild their connection and intimacy.