Cholesterol plays a key role in heart health as it is a waxy, fat-like substance that is essential for various bodily functions. It is carried in the blood in the form of lipoproteins, the two main ones being low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL).
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LDL- cholesterol is often referred to as "bad cholesterol" because high levels of LDL can cause cholesterol to build up in the arteries and form plaques that can narrow and clog blood vessels. This condition is called atherosclerosis and is a major risk factor for heart disease and other cardiovascular problems.
The higher the LDL cholesterol level in the blood, the higher the risk of heart problems. HDL- cholesterol, on the other hand, is often referred to as "good cholesterol" because it acts as a scavenger, scavenging excess cholesterol from the blood and transporting it to the liver for processing and elimination. HDL prevents plaque from forming in your arteries, thereby reducing your risk of heart disease.
Maintaining a healthy balance between LDL and HDL cholesterol levels is critical to heart health. Lowering LDL cholesterol through lifestyle changes like eating a heart-healthy diet, getting regular exercise, and quitting smoking can significantly lower your risk of heart disease. Meanwhile, raising HDL cholesterol through similar lifestyle changes could further improve cardiovascular health.
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