The feminist movement has undergone significant changes over time, evolving from its earliest roots in the late 19th and early 20th centuries into a diverse and global enterprise. Originally focused on securing women's suffrage and human rights, the movement gained momentum during the first and second waves of feminism as women fought for reproductive rights, gender equality, the workplace, and an end to gender discrimination.
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These efforts led to several landmark results, such as the ratification of the 19th Amendment in the United States, the granting of women the right to vote in 1920, and the creation of an international framework such as the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination. Against women (CEDAW) of the United Nations in 1979
Third-wave feminism, emerging in the late 20th century, drew attention to the intersectionality of gender with race, ethnicity, class, and other identities, challenged the notion of a unique “female experience,” and advocated a more inclusive movement. Contemporary feminist activism continues to face various challenges, including the gender pay gap, sexual harassment and assault, reproductive rights, and access to education and healthcare.
Additionally, the movement has expanded its scope to include LGBTQ+ rights, trans-inclusive feminism, and countering gender-based violence and harmful social norms. Despite significant progress, problems remain as women continue to face obstacles in political representation, corporate governance and work-life balance. The fight for reproductive rights remains a controversial issue in many countries and violence against women remains a burning issue around the world.
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