In terms of environmental sustainability, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are an attractive alternative to traditional electric vehicles (EV) due to several key differentiators. Unlike electric vehicles, which use lithium-ion batteries to store electricity, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles generate electricity by combining hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity, with steam as the only by-product.
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A key advantage of hydrogen fuel cell-powered vehicles is the relatively shorter refueling time compared to charging an electric vehicle battery. While an electric vehicle can take hours to charge, a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle can take minutes to refuel, giving the driver a more familiar refueling experience, similar to traditional internal combustion engine vehicles.
In addition, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have a longer range, which solves the range problems that some electric vehicle owners may encounter. The energy density of hydrogen is much higher than that of batteries, allowing fuel cell vehicles to travel longer distances without having to refuel. This feature makes it a viable option for long journeys and applications where charging infrastructure may be limited.
Despite these advantages, however, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles face manufacturing, distribution and infrastructure challenges. Current hydrogen production is often based on fossil fuels, which can negate environmental benefits if not obtained sustainably. Building an efficient and widespread hydrogen refueling infrastructure is another hurdle that needs to be overcome to enable mass adoption.
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